2009年動物科學上一篇母豬營養摘要的譯文，請指教

ananben

J. Anim Sci. 2009. 87:532-543. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1231
© 2009 American Society of Animal Sciencea

Dietary fiber for pregnant sows: Influence oan sow physiology and performance during lactation1

H. Quesnel*,2, M.-C. Meunier-Salaün*, A. Hamard*, R. Guillemet*, M. Etienne*, C. Farmer , J.-Y. Dourmad* and M.-C. Père*
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding sows a bulky diet during gestation on their physiological and metabolic adaptations during the peripartum period, and to determine how these effects may relate to sow and piglet performances. From d 26 of gestation until farrowing, gilts were fed diets that contained 2.8 or 11.0% crude fiber (control and high-fiber diets, respectively, n = 9/group). Daily feed allowance provided the same amount of DE daily (33 MJ of DE/d). Throughout lactation, sows were allowed to consume a standard lactating sow diet ad libitum. Litters were standardized to 12 piglets beyond 48 h after birth. On d 105 of gestation, a jugular catheter was surgically implanted. Preprandial blood samples were collected from d 109 of gestation to the day after farrowing and on d 4, 18, and 26 of lactation. Meal tests and glucose tolerance tests were performed on d 109 of gestation and d 4 and 18 of lactation. During gestation, BW and backfat gain did not differ between treatment groups. During lactation, sows fed the high-fiber diet ate an average of 0.94 kg/d more than control sows (P < 0.02). Piglets born from sows fed the high-fiber diet grew faster than piglets from control sows (P = 0.03). Body weight and backfat losses did not differ between the 2 treatment groups. Sows fed the high-fiber diet during gestation had lesser concentrations of leptin before farrowing than control sows (P < 0.01). Leptin concentrations were negatively correlated with feed intake during lactation (P < 0.05). The prepartal increase in prolactin concentrations tended to be greater in sows fed the high-fiber diet than in control sows (P < 0.1).Preprandial concentrations of glucose, NEFA, lactate, and IGF-I fluctuated over time without significant treatment effect. Glucose half-life was shorter in late gestation than during both stages of lactation, but did not differ between sows in the 2 groups. In late gestation, the postprandial increases in glucose and insulin were delayed, and smaller, after a high-fiber meal than after a control meal.During lactation, glucose and insulin profiles after a standard meal did not differ between sows from treatment groups. In conclusion, the greater appetite of lactating sows fed a high-fiber diet during gestation does not seem related to changes in glucose and insulin metabolism and may be partly due to decreased secretion of leptin. The greater feed consumption was accompanied by a faster growth rate of piglets without sparing effect on maternal body reserves.

Key Words: endocrinology &#8226; fiber &#8226; gestation &#8226; lactation &#8226; metabolism &#8226; sow

妊娠期日糧中粗纖維水平對哺乳期生理指標

和生產性能的影響

本文研究了妊娠期飼喂大容積日糧對圍產期生理指標和新陳代謝適應的影響，并指出這些影響可能與母豬和仔豬生產性能有關。小母豬隨機分為2組，每組9頭，從妊娠第26天到分娩，分別飼喂對照組（2.8%纖維）和高纖維組日糧（11.0%纖維），兩組日糧均提供相同的消化能，33MJ/d；整個哺乳期，自由采食標準哺乳日糧。于產后48小時，將每窩調整至12頭仔豬。妊娠的第105天，進行頸靜脈導管植入手術。妊娠第109天到分娩后的第二天，泌乳第4、18和26天，于飼喂前采集血樣。在妊娠第109天，泌乳第4、18天進行采食量測試和葡萄糖耐受試驗。
整個妊娠期，兩組間體重和背膘厚均無顯著差異。泌乳期，飼喂高纖維日糧組的采食量比對照組高0.94kg/d(P < 0.02)，高纖維組母豬所產仔豬比對照組所產仔豬生長速度快(P = 0.03)，兩組間體重和背膘厚無顯著差異。產前來普汀濃度，妊娠期飼喂高纖維組母豬高于對照組(P < 0.01)。整個哺乳期，來普汀濃度和采食量呈負相關(P < 0.05)。分娩前催乳素濃度的增加幅度，飼喂高纖維組高于對照組(P < 0.1)。兩組間飼喂前血糖、非必需脂肪酸、乳汁、IGF-1的濃度，隨時間推移波動無顯著差異。血糖半衰期，妊娠后期比泌乳初期、中期兩個階段都短，但，在泌乳期兩個階段無差異。妊娠后期，采食后血糖和胰島素濃度的增加較慢，而且，飼喂高纖維日糧比對照組日糧稍短。哺乳期，采食后血糖和胰島素水平標準日糧與各處理組之間差異不顯著。
結論：妊娠期飼喂高纖維水平日糧的母豬，在哺乳期采食量大。這與血糖和胰島素的代謝變化無關，部分原因與來普汀分泌減少相關。更大的采食量與仔豬更快的增長速度很明顯會影響母體體況儲備。
關鍵詞：內分泌，粗纖維，妊娠，哺乳，新陳代謝，母豬

zouyufar

妊娠期和哺乳期對能量的需求是有差別的

zouyufar 于 2009-7-15 19:03 補充以下內容

妊娠期和哺乳期對能量的需求是有差別的，飼養管理技術也不同，要求也不一樣

hujinshui

有較強相關