假牛痘 Pseudo-Cowpox

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假牛痘
Pseudo-Cowpox (Milkers’ Nodule)

Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt


Translated by Dr. Fu Xiaoping
病因/發病機理

Cause & Pathogenesis

• 副泡狀病毒
  Parapox virus
• 乳區、乳頭的輕度感染
  Mild infection of udder & teats
• 牛群傳播慢
  Slowly spreads throughout herd
• 發生于下一胎次              Will reoccur in subsequent lactations
• 通過設備、手、清洗液、昆蟲傳播

Spread from infected cows by equipment, hands, washing & insects
公眾衛生：造成擠奶員手或指上紅色/紫色發癢的結節
Public Health: Causes mild itchy purple/red nodules on hands and fingers of milker

危險因素

Risk Factors

• 僅僅新產牛最易感
  Just freshened cows are most susceptible

臨床癥狀
Clinical Findings

• 乳頭/乳房上紅小色丘疹，逐漸發展為水皰，最后結痂

Small red papules on teats and udder progressing to vesicles then scabs

• 馬蹄形或圓環形痂
  Horseshoe or circular ring of scabs
• 一般3周內治愈，但可持續數月Usually heal in 3 weeks but may persist for months

診斷

Diagnosis

• 特征性馬蹄形或圓環形痂
  Characteristic horseshoe or circular ring of scabs

鑒別診斷

Differential Diagnosis

• 牛創傷性乳頭炎
  Bovine ulcerative mammillitis
• 疣
  Warts
• 外傷性損傷
  Traumatic injury
• 牛痘—少見
  Cowpox -rare

治療

Treatment

• 擠奶前涂藥膏
  Ointment before milking
• 碘附浸泡奶頭
  Iodophors teat dip

預后情況


Prognosis

• 良好，乳腺炎發病率增加
  Good although increased incidence of mastitis

預防

Prevention & Control

• 衛生
  Hygiene
• 隔離發病牛
  Segregate infected cows